A sigmoidoscopy is performed using a thin, flexible tube called a sigmoidoscope. The tube has a tiny light and a camera. The tube is put into your anus and moved slowly through your rectum into the lower part of your colon. Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic test used to check the sigmoid colon, which is the lower part of your colon or large intestine. This section of your colon is close to your rectum and anus. A sigmoidoscopy can help diagnose the symptoms such as diarrhea, belly pain, constipation, polyps, rectal bleeding and also biopsy and removal of polyps and hemorrhoids can be done .

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https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/flexible-sigmoidoscopy/about/pac-20394189