The condition epilepsy causes recurring seizures in people. A seizure occurs when the brain sends the wrong signals to clusters of nerve cells. People may experience strange sensations and emotions or behave strangely. Muscle spasms or loss of consciousness may occur.

Epilepsy can be caused by a number of factors, including illness, brain injury, and abnormal brain development. Often, the cause is unknown.

The diagnosis of epilepsy is made by doctors using brain scans and other tests. Treatment must be started immediately. Most people can control seizures with medicines, but epilepsy cannot be cured. If medicines are not working well, surgery is an option, or implantable devices like vagus nerve stimulators can help. Some children with epilepsy can benefit from special diets.